It seems that free things are more enjoyable, it can be seen from several open source software.
This also happens on Linux-based operating system, considering that this operating system for free so many people who like the existence of Linux, in addition to the security level of Linux is more secure / safe for use in an Internet network, the linux port is always closed and will open if the user / admin accidentally opened it, it will be difficult for hackers to penetrate the virtual world based linux port.
But the difficulty now experienced by the novice users will penggguna troubled by various kinds of commands in linux are a bit strange compared to the command prompt, but I'll give a little information about a variety of basic commands in linux, which will be describe below :
Collection & List Commands Linux + From the brief description A - Y:
a
adduser = Add users to the system
addgroup = Add group to the system
Create an alias = alias
apropos = Search Help manual pages (man-k)
apt-get = Find and install software packages (Debian)
aspell = Spellchecker
awk = Find and Replace text, database sort / validate / index
b
basename = Strip directory and suffix from filenames
= bash GNU Bourne-Again Shell
bc = Arbitrary precision calculator language
bg = Send to a background
break = Exit from a loop
= builtin Run a shell builtin
bzip2 Compress or decompress a file = name (s)
c
cal = Display calendar
case = conditionally perform a command
cat = Displays the contents of the file
cd = Change Directory
cfdisk = partition table manipulator for Linux
= chgrp Change group ownership
chmod = Change access permission
= chown Change file owner and group
chroot = Run command with a different root directory
chkconfig = System services (runlevel)
= cksum Print CRC checksum and byte count
clear = Clear terminal screen
cmp = Compare two files
comm = Compare two sorted files line by line
command = Run command - ignoring shell functions
continue = Resume the next iteration of a loop
cp = Copy one or more files to another location
= cron Daemon to execute commands that are scheduled
= crontab Schedule a command to run at another time
csplit = Split files into context - piece set
cut = split files into several parts
d
date = Display or change the date & time
dc = Desk Calculator
dd = Convert and copy files, write disk headers, boot records
ddrescue = Tools to improve data
DECLARE = Declare variables and give them attributes
df = Display disk space
diff = Show the difference between two files
= diff3 Show differences among three files
dig = DNS lookup
dir = Short List directory contents
dircolors = Color setup for `ls'
dirname = Convert all pathname to multiple paths
dirs = Display list of remembered directories
dmesg = Prints the messages the kernel & drivers
du = Estimate file space usage
e
echo = Display message on screen
egrep = Search files for lines that match an extended expression
= eject Eject removable media
enable = Enable and disable builtin shell commands
env = Environment variables
= ethtool Ethernet card settings
eval = Evaluate several commands / arguments
exec = Run command
exit = Exit from shell
Expect = automate applications that are accessible through the terminal free
expand = Convert tabs to spaces
export = Set environment variables
Evaluate the expression expr =
f
false = not doing anything, do not succeed
fdformat = low level format a floppy disk
= fdisk partition table manipulator for Linux
fg = Send job to foreground
fgrep = Search files for lines that match a fixed string
file = Determine the type of file
find = Find files that meet the desired criteria
fmt = Reformat text type
fold = Wrap text to fit a certain width.
for = Expanding the words, and run the command
format = Format disks or tapes
free = Display memory usage
fsck = Checking and repairing file system consistency
ftp = File Transfer Protocol
function = Define a macro function
fuser = Identification / decision process that is accessing files
g
gawk = Find and Replace text in files
getopts = Describe the parameters according to position
grep = Search files for lines that match a certain pattern
group = Print the name of the user group
Compress or decompress gzip = file name
h
hash = Given the pathname of a name argument
head = Output the first part of the file
help = Display help for built-in command
history = Command history
hostname = Print or set system name
i
id = id Print user and group
if = perform commands conditionally
ifconfig = Configuring network interfaces
ifdown = Stop the network interface
ifup = Starting or more network interfaces
import = Capture an X server screen and save an image to a file
install = Copy files and set attributes
j
join = join line in common field
k
kill = Terminate running processes
killall = Terminate process by name
l
less = Display output one screen at a time
let = Perform arithmetic on shell variables
ln = Creating links between files
= Creating local variables
locate = Find file
LOGNAME The bare = Print login name
logout = Exit a login shell
look = Display lines beginning with a certain string
LPC = line printer control program
= lpr Off line print
lprint = Print File / Print files
lprintd = Abort a print job
lprintq = List the print queue
= lprm Remove jobs from the print queue
ls = List information about file
= lsof List open files
m
Rebuilding the make = A group of programs
man = Help Manual
mkdir = Make a new folder
= mkfifo Make FIFOs (named pipes)
mkisofs = Create ISO9660/JOLIET/HFS hybrid filesystem
mknod = Make block or character special file
more = Display output one screen at a time
mount = Mount file system
= mtools Manipulate MS-DOS file
mv = Move or rename a file or directory
MMV = Move the masses and changed the name (file)
n
netstat = Information Network
nice = Set priority command or job
nl = number lines and write files
nohup = Run command immune to hangups
= nslookup Query Internet calls are interactive server
o
open = open file in default application
op = Operator Access
p
passwd Modify a user password
Combining rows = paste files
pathchk = Check file name portability
ping = Test network connection
pkill = terminate running processes
= popd Restore the previous value of the current directory
pr = Prepare files for printing / print
= printcap printer capability database
= printenv Print environment variables
printf = Format and print data
ps = Status Process
= pushd Save and then change the current directory
pwd = print working directory
q
= repulse the use of disk quotas and limit
quotacheck = Examine file system for disk usage
quotactl = Set disk quotas
r
= ram ram disk device
rcp = Copy files between two machines
read = Read a line from standard input
readarray = Read from stdin into an array variable
readonly = Mark variables / functions as readonly
Reboot the system reboot =
rename = Rename files
renice = Change priority of running processes
remsync = Synchronize remote files via email
return = Exit a shell function
rev = Reversing the line from a file
rm = Deleting files
rmdir = Remove folder
= rsync Remote file copy (Synchronize file trees)
s
screen = Multiplex terminal, run remote shells via ssh
scp = secure copy (remote file copy)
sdiff = Merge two files interactively
sed = Stream Editor
select = Accept keyboard input
= seq Print numeric sequences
set = Manipulate shell variables and functions
sftp = Secure File Transfer Program
shift = shift positional parameters
shopt = shell options
shutdown = Shutdown or restart linux
sleep = delay / delay for a certain period
slocate = Find file
sort = Sort text files
source = Run command from the file `."
Split = Split files into fixed-cut
= ssh Secure Shell client (remote login program)
= strace Trace system calls and signals
su = substitute user identity
sudo = Run command as another user
sum = Print a checksum for a file
symlink = Make a new name for the file
sync = Synchronize data on disk with memory
t
tail = Output the last part of files
tar = Tape Archiver
tee = Redirect output to multiple files
test = Evaluate conditional expression
time = time Measure Program running
Times = User and system time
touch = Change file timestamps
top = List processes running on the system
= traceroute Trace Route to Host
trap = Run command when a signal is set (bourne)
= tr Translate, squeeze, and / or delete characters
true = Do nothing, successfully
tsort = Topology sort
= tty Print filename of terminal on stdin
type = explain command
u
ulimit Limit user resources = (resources)
umask = The user creates a hidden file
umount = Unmount (not mounted) devices
unalias = Remove alias
uname = print system information
unexpand = Convert spaces to tabs
Uniq = Uniquify file
unit = Convert units from one scale to another
unset = Remove variable or function names
unshar = Unpack shell archive records
Until = Execute commands (until error)
useradd = Create a new user account
= usermod Modify user account
users = list of users currently logged in
= uuencode Encode a binary file
= uudecode Decode a file created by uuencode
v
v = Verbosely directory contents (`ls-l-b ')
vdir Verbosely = List directory contents (`ls-lb ')
vi = Text Editor
= vmstat virtual memory statistics report
w
watch = Execute / display a program periodically
= wc Print byte, word, and line count
whereis = Search user $ path, man pages and source files for the program
the which = Search user $ path for program files
while = Run
WHO = Print all usernames currently logged in
whoami = Print the current user id and name (`id-un ')
wget = Retrieve web pages or files via HTTP, HTTPS or FTP
write = Send a message to other users
x
xargs = Execute utility, passing constructed argument list
y
= yes Print a string until the interrupt
. = Script to run a command shell that is now
Good try new things from Linux
But the difficulty now experienced by the novice users will penggguna troubled by various kinds of commands in linux are a bit strange compared to the command prompt, but I'll give a little information about a variety of basic commands in linux, which will be describe below :
Collection & List Commands Linux + From the brief description A - Y:
a
adduser = Add users to the system
addgroup = Add group to the system
Create an alias = alias
apropos = Search Help manual pages (man-k)
apt-get = Find and install software packages (Debian)
aspell = Spellchecker
awk = Find and Replace text, database sort / validate / index
b
basename = Strip directory and suffix from filenames
= bash GNU Bourne-Again Shell
bc = Arbitrary precision calculator language
bg = Send to a background
break = Exit from a loop
= builtin Run a shell builtin
bzip2 Compress or decompress a file = name (s)
c
cal = Display calendar
case = conditionally perform a command
cat = Displays the contents of the file
cd = Change Directory
cfdisk = partition table manipulator for Linux
= chgrp Change group ownership
chmod = Change access permission
= chown Change file owner and group
chroot = Run command with a different root directory
chkconfig = System services (runlevel)
= cksum Print CRC checksum and byte count
clear = Clear terminal screen
cmp = Compare two files
comm = Compare two sorted files line by line
command = Run command - ignoring shell functions
continue = Resume the next iteration of a loop
cp = Copy one or more files to another location
= cron Daemon to execute commands that are scheduled
= crontab Schedule a command to run at another time
csplit = Split files into context - piece set
cut = split files into several parts
d
date = Display or change the date & time
dc = Desk Calculator
dd = Convert and copy files, write disk headers, boot records
ddrescue = Tools to improve data
DECLARE = Declare variables and give them attributes
df = Display disk space
diff = Show the difference between two files
= diff3 Show differences among three files
dig = DNS lookup
dir = Short List directory contents
dircolors = Color setup for `ls'
dirname = Convert all pathname to multiple paths
dirs = Display list of remembered directories
dmesg = Prints the messages the kernel & drivers
du = Estimate file space usage
e
echo = Display message on screen
egrep = Search files for lines that match an extended expression
= eject Eject removable media
enable = Enable and disable builtin shell commands
env = Environment variables
= ethtool Ethernet card settings
eval = Evaluate several commands / arguments
exec = Run command
exit = Exit from shell
Expect = automate applications that are accessible through the terminal free
expand = Convert tabs to spaces
export = Set environment variables
Evaluate the expression expr =
f
false = not doing anything, do not succeed
fdformat = low level format a floppy disk
= fdisk partition table manipulator for Linux
fg = Send job to foreground
fgrep = Search files for lines that match a fixed string
file = Determine the type of file
find = Find files that meet the desired criteria
fmt = Reformat text type
fold = Wrap text to fit a certain width.
for = Expanding the words, and run the command
format = Format disks or tapes
free = Display memory usage
fsck = Checking and repairing file system consistency
ftp = File Transfer Protocol
function = Define a macro function
fuser = Identification / decision process that is accessing files
g
gawk = Find and Replace text in files
getopts = Describe the parameters according to position
grep = Search files for lines that match a certain pattern
group = Print the name of the user group
Compress or decompress gzip = file name
h
hash = Given the pathname of a name argument
head = Output the first part of the file
help = Display help for built-in command
history = Command history
hostname = Print or set system name
i
id = id Print user and group
if = perform commands conditionally
ifconfig = Configuring network interfaces
ifdown = Stop the network interface
ifup = Starting or more network interfaces
import = Capture an X server screen and save an image to a file
install = Copy files and set attributes
j
join = join line in common field
k
kill = Terminate running processes
killall = Terminate process by name
l
less = Display output one screen at a time
let = Perform arithmetic on shell variables
ln = Creating links between files
= Creating local variables
locate = Find file
LOGNAME The bare = Print login name
logout = Exit a login shell
look = Display lines beginning with a certain string
LPC = line printer control program
= lpr Off line print
lprint = Print File / Print files
lprintd = Abort a print job
lprintq = List the print queue
= lprm Remove jobs from the print queue
ls = List information about file
= lsof List open files
m
Rebuilding the make = A group of programs
man = Help Manual
mkdir = Make a new folder
= mkfifo Make FIFOs (named pipes)
mkisofs = Create ISO9660/JOLIET/HFS hybrid filesystem
mknod = Make block or character special file
more = Display output one screen at a time
mount = Mount file system
= mtools Manipulate MS-DOS file
mv = Move or rename a file or directory
MMV = Move the masses and changed the name (file)
n
netstat = Information Network
nice = Set priority command or job
nl = number lines and write files
nohup = Run command immune to hangups
= nslookup Query Internet calls are interactive server
o
open = open file in default application
op = Operator Access
p
passwd Modify a user password
Combining rows = paste files
pathchk = Check file name portability
ping = Test network connection
pkill = terminate running processes
= popd Restore the previous value of the current directory
pr = Prepare files for printing / print
= printcap printer capability database
= printenv Print environment variables
printf = Format and print data
ps = Status Process
= pushd Save and then change the current directory
pwd = print working directory
q
= repulse the use of disk quotas and limit
quotacheck = Examine file system for disk usage
quotactl = Set disk quotas
r
= ram ram disk device
rcp = Copy files between two machines
read = Read a line from standard input
readarray = Read from stdin into an array variable
readonly = Mark variables / functions as readonly
Reboot the system reboot =
rename = Rename files
renice = Change priority of running processes
remsync = Synchronize remote files via email
return = Exit a shell function
rev = Reversing the line from a file
rm = Deleting files
rmdir = Remove folder
= rsync Remote file copy (Synchronize file trees)
s
screen = Multiplex terminal, run remote shells via ssh
scp = secure copy (remote file copy)
sdiff = Merge two files interactively
sed = Stream Editor
select = Accept keyboard input
= seq Print numeric sequences
set = Manipulate shell variables and functions
sftp = Secure File Transfer Program
shift = shift positional parameters
shopt = shell options
shutdown = Shutdown or restart linux
sleep = delay / delay for a certain period
slocate = Find file
sort = Sort text files
source = Run command from the file `."
Split = Split files into fixed-cut
= ssh Secure Shell client (remote login program)
= strace Trace system calls and signals
su = substitute user identity
sudo = Run command as another user
sum = Print a checksum for a file
symlink = Make a new name for the file
sync = Synchronize data on disk with memory
t
tail = Output the last part of files
tar = Tape Archiver
tee = Redirect output to multiple files
test = Evaluate conditional expression
time = time Measure Program running
Times = User and system time
touch = Change file timestamps
top = List processes running on the system
= traceroute Trace Route to Host
trap = Run command when a signal is set (bourne)
= tr Translate, squeeze, and / or delete characters
true = Do nothing, successfully
tsort = Topology sort
= tty Print filename of terminal on stdin
type = explain command
u
ulimit Limit user resources = (resources)
umask = The user creates a hidden file
umount = Unmount (not mounted) devices
unalias = Remove alias
uname = print system information
unexpand = Convert spaces to tabs
Uniq = Uniquify file
unit = Convert units from one scale to another
unset = Remove variable or function names
unshar = Unpack shell archive records
Until = Execute commands (until error)
useradd = Create a new user account
= usermod Modify user account
users = list of users currently logged in
= uuencode Encode a binary file
= uudecode Decode a file created by uuencode
v
v = Verbosely directory contents (`ls-l-b ')
vdir Verbosely = List directory contents (`ls-lb ')
vi = Text Editor
= vmstat virtual memory statistics report
w
watch = Execute / display a program periodically
= wc Print byte, word, and line count
whereis = Search user $ path, man pages and source files for the program
the which = Search user $ path for program files
while = Run
WHO = Print all usernames currently logged in
whoami = Print the current user id and name (`id-un ')
wget = Retrieve web pages or files via HTTP, HTTPS or FTP
write = Send a message to other users
x
xargs = Execute utility, passing constructed argument list
y
= yes Print a string until the interrupt
. = Script to run a command shell that is now
Good try new things from Linux
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